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9 mm Luger
The 9 mm Luger pistol cartridge was designed by firearms designer Georg Luger. Based upon his earlier 7.65 mm Luger pistol cartridge, the 9 mm Luger cartridge was introduced in 1904 and has since become the most widespread pistol cartridge in the world.
Design
Georg Luger designed the 9 mm Luger cartridge on demand of the German army to increase the power of his famous Luger pistol which had been introduced in the 7.65 mm Luger caliber. He simply removed the bottleneck of the 7.65 mm Luger cartridge and by doing this created a new 9 mm (0.355 inch) straight walled rimless cartridge.
The original design used a 7.5 g (115 Gr) full metal jacket bullet, but after World War II, this was changed to 8.0 g (124 Gr) to increase the accuracy of the 9 mm Luger ammunition. Bullet weights up to 9.5 g (147 Gr) are available.
Performance
The 9 mm Luger cartridge combines a flat trajectory with moderate recoil, and fair stopping power (50–60% 1-hit incapacitation probability). Its main advantages lie in its small size and low use of resources for manufacturing. Its main disadvantages are its tendency to overpenetrate and poor energy transfer to the target.
Because it is inexpensive, easy to manufacture and effective enough for most uses, it has become the most used pistol cartridge in the world.
For police use, it is mainly used with higher speed overpressure (+P) expanding bullets to increase energy transfer and to reduce overpenetration.
Muzzle velocity:
- 7.5 g (115 Gr) Full Metal Jacket: 390 m/s (1280 ft/s)
- 8.0 g (124 Gr) Full Metal Jacket: 360 m/s (1180 ft/s)
Synonyms
- 9 mm
- 9 mm NATO
- 9 x 19 mm
- 9 x 19 mm NATO
- 9 mm Parabellum
- 9 mm Para
See also
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License at http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html
You may copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
You must provide a link to http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html
To view or edit this article at Wikipedia go to http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/9_mm_Luger
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