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List of popes
This is a list of popes. The term "Pope" (Latin papa: 'father') is used in several churches to denote their high spiritual leaders. This title is used exclusively in Western Europe and the Latin-rite church by the supreme head of the Roman Catholic Church. The title itself was officially used from the tenure of Pope Siricius. The pope also bears the spiritual titles Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Succesor of St. Peter, Prince of the Apostle, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province and Servant of the Servants of God. The pope's temporal title since 1929 is Sovereign in the State of Vatican City (Holy See).
List of popes
until 249From 250From 500From 750From 1000From 1250From 1500From 1750From 2000 Note on numbering of popes
- Recently the numbering of popes named Felix has been amended to omit anti-pope Felix 'II'.
- Pope Stephen II, who died before being consecrated, is included in the list. The numbering of his successors with the same name rise by one.
- Pope Marinus I and Pope Marinus II are considered as Martin II and Martin III respectively.
- In legend, an English woman reigned as Pope John VIII, more commonly known as Popess Joan, from 853-855 following Leo IV’s death.
- Pope Donus II, said to reign about 974 is non-existent. This is due to the confusion of the title `dominus' (lord) with a proper name.
- The antipopes Boniface VII (974, 984-985), Benedict X (1058-1059) and Alexander V (1409-1410) were considered authentic popes and included in the official list of popes until recently.
- There has never been a John XX. Some 11th century historians believed that there had been a pope named John between antipope Pope Boniface VII and the actual Pope John XV; thus, the series of Pope John XV to Pope John XIX was mistakenly numbered John XVI to XX. These popes have been renumbered as John XV to XIX; however, Pope John XXI to Pope John XXIII were numbered based on the confusion of having twenty Pope Johns before them. Hence, Pope John XX doesn't exist, having been skipped over in the enumeration of popes, and as the enumeration is now firmly established, it is unlikely that any attempt at rectification will be made.
Related articles and lists
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